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By the 1930s, people who recognized the beauty and the splendor of the Big Bend country rallied to preserve the area. The Texas Legislature then designated the area as Big Bend State Park and in 1935, the land was acquired by the U.S. Congress for use as a national park. In June of 1944, the state of Texas deeded the land to the United States Government, and the first visitors perused the park on July 1, 1944.
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The mountains of Glacier National Park began forming 170 million years ago when ancient rocks were forced eastward up and over much younger rock strata. Known as the Lewis Overthrust, these sedimentary rocks are considered to have some of the finest fossilized examples of extremely early life found anywhere on Earth.
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People have used the hot spring water in therapeutic baths for more than two hundred years to treat rheumatism and other ailments. While it was a reservation, the area developed into a well-known resort nicknamed The American Spa that attracted not only the wealthy but indigent health seekers from around the world as well.
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Kings Canyon had been known to white settlers since the mid-19th century, but it was not until John Muir first visited in 1873 that the canyon began receiving attention. Muir was delighted at the canyon's similarity to Yosemite Valley, as it reinforced his theory regarding the origin of both valleys, which, though competing with Josiah Whitney's then-accepted theory that the spectacular mountain valleys were formed by earthquake action, Muir's theory later proved correct: that both valleys were carved by massive glaciers during the last Ice Age.
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No roads lead to the park. It is reachable by foot, dogsled, snowmobile, and chartered air taxis from Nome and Kotzebue year-round. The park is one of the least visited in the National Park System, ranking as the least visited national park in the country in 2006 with just 3,005 visitors. This dropped to just 847 visitors in 2007.
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As concern grew over the archaeological well being of Mesa Verde's ruins, and those in other nearby sites, the area was established as a national park on June 29, 1906. As with all historical areas administered by the National Park Service, the park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. It was designated a World Heritage Site on September 6, 1978.
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Olympic National Park in Washington State on the Olympic Peninsula was established on June 29,1938 as a national park by then president Franklin Roosevelt. The area is described by the National Park Service as being like three parks in one as it contains the Pacific Coastline, a mountainous zone comprised of the Olympic Mountains and a zone of different types of forests.
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When Congress passed the Rocky Mountain National Park Act in 1915, the legislators focused on Rocky's scenic and natural wonders. Still, what became the park held many cultural treasures including ancient trails, game drives, cattle ranches, and lodges. Early Superintendents tried to develop roads, backcountry cabins, and trails to blend with the surroundings. Rangers manipulated the landscape to look more natural; they suppressed fires, planted seedlings, and controlled predators. The National Park Service purchased private lands and removed buildings, roads, post offices, driveways, irrigation ditches, and fences.
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Saguaro National Park takes its name from the saguaro cactus, the giant, many-armed symbol of southern Arizona's Sonoran Desert. Standing as high as 50 feet and weighing as much as ten tons, these silent, slow-growing sentinels are a vital link in the ecology of one of the richest and most varied deserts in the world.
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Located in the North Dakota badlands, 135 miles west of Bismarck, Theodore Roosevelt National Park pays tribute to this great U.S. president and conservationist. The park stands on the land that Roosevelt owned during the 1880s, when he headed west and purchased a cattle ranch to help him grieve the losses of his wife and his mother.
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Wind Cave is one of the largest caverns in the world, a labyrinth of passages carved out of limestone beds that have existed for 60 million years. Unlike many limestone caverns, including Mammoth Cave, that formed at relatively shallow depths -- sometimes less than 100 feet -- Wind Cave twists and turns its way through rock hundreds of feet below the surface. In one place the cavern is more than 600 feet below the surface.
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Established in 1872, Yellowstone National Park is America's first national park. Located in Wyoming, Montana and Idaho, it is home to a large variety of wildlife including grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and elk. Preserved within Yellowstone National Park are Old Faithful and a collection of the world's most extraordinary geysers and hot springs, and the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone.
- total distance: 90,338 miles (145.385 km)
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